Vaccine Adjuvants

Name	AC	CK
Vaccine-induced Toxicity	43	219
Autism Spectrum Disorders	41	211
Neurodevelopmental Disorders	25	207
Autism	17	122
Macrophagic myofasciitis	13	114
Mercury Poisoning	22	67
Tic Disorders	4	61
Aluminum Toxicity	15	58
Attention Deficit Disorder	4	51
Autoimmune Diseases	15	46
Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA)	14	46
Learning disorders	3	42
Mental Retardation	3	40
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity	4	31
Cognitive Decline/Dysfunction	2	30
Speech Disorders	2	30
Oxidative Stress	9	24
Gulf War Syndrome	4	23
Inflammation	9	22
Developmental Disorder: Children	3	21
Childhood Chemical Exposures	1	20
Emotional Disorders	1	20
Immune Dysregulation: TH1/TH2 imbalance	1	20
Infant Mortality	1	20
Infantile Spasms	1	20
Seizures	1	20
Sexual Development: Dysfunctions and Abnormalities	1	20
Hypersensitivity	2	15
Mitochondrial Dysfunction	2	15
Infant Chemical Exposures	2	12
Kawasaki Disease	3	12
Anthrax	1	10
Ataxia: Cerebellar	1	10
Atopic Dermatitis	1	10
Atopic Disease	1	10
Atopic Hypersensitivity	1	10
Detoxification: Impaired	1	10
Infant Neurological Development	1	10
Obesity	1	10
Personality Disorder: Borderline	1	10
DNA damage	4	8
Neurodegenerative Diseases	4	8
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome	2	7
Pseudolymphoma	1	6
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	2	6
Liver Damage	1	4
Prenatal Chemical Exposures	2	4
Central Nervous System Diseases	1	3
Deafness: Sudden	1	3
Dermatitis	1	3
Excitotoxicity	2	3
Formaldehyde Toxicity	1	3
Lichen Planus	1	3
Multiple Sclerosis	2	3
Myelodysplastic Syndrome	1	3
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome	1	3
Sjogren's Syndrome	2	3
Amygdala: Damage/Abnormalities	1	2
Anxiety Disorders	1	2
Arthritis	1	2
Brain Inflammation	1	2
Febrile Seizures	1	2
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)	1	2
Lupus Erythematosus: Systemic	1	2
Myopathies	1	2
Neurotoxicity	2	2
Social Behavior	1	2
Down Syndrome	1	1
Endothelial Damage	1	1
Fibromyalgia	1	1
Guillain-Barre Syndrome	1	1
Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Toxicity	1	1
Immune Disorders: Low Immune Function	1	1
Lymphoma	1	1
New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease	1	1
vaccine injury	1	1

Name	AC	CK
Neurotoxic	38	214
Immunotoxic	11	50
Inflammatory	9	36
Endocrine Disruptor	2	22
Apoptotic	7	12
Genotoxic	3	11
Immunoreactive	5	10
Obesogenic	1	10
Hepatotoxic	1	4
Oxidant	4	4
Renotoxic	3	4
Cytotoxic	2	3
Carcinogenic	1	2
Hematoxic	1	2
Hemolytic	1	2
Immunosuppressive	1	2
Irritant	1	2
Tumorigenic	1	2
Cytotoxicity	1	1
Excitotoxic	1	1
Hypermethylation	1	1

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic

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Aluminum hydroxide-induced macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) associated with vaccination has been reported. Nov 01, 2011

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Inorg Biochem. 2011 Nov ;105(11):1457-63. Epub 2011 Aug 22. PMID: 22099155

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2011

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Macrophagic myofasciitis

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: All

Problem Substances : Aluminum Hydroxide, Vaccine Adjuvants

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Aluminum vaccine adjuvants appear to be contributing to the rising prevalence of autism.Oct 31, 2011

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : J Inorg Biochem. 2011 Nov ;105(11):1489-99. Epub 2011 Aug 23. PMID: 22099159

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2011

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Aluminum Toxicity , Autism Spectrum Disorders

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: All

Problem Substances : Vaccine Adjuvants

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Aluminum vaccine adjuvants appear to contribute to the rising prevalence of autism.Nov 01, 2011

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Inorg Biochem. 2011 Nov ;105(11):1489-99. Epub 2011 Aug 23. PMID: 22099159

Pubmed Data : J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 Nov ;20(7):598-601. Epub 2009 Dec 16. PMID: 20010978

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2010

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Heavy Metal Toxicity

Therapeutic Actions : Breastfeeding

Additional Keywords : Vaccine Research

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: All

Problem Substances : Aluminum, Vaccine Adjuvants

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Problem Substances : Aluminum Hydroxide

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In this reanalysis data shows that a statistically significant link appears between blood mercury levels and autistic disorder in children.Oct 31, 2007

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Child Neurol. 2007 Nov ;22(11):1308-11. PMID: 18006963

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2007

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders

Additional Keywords : Elevated Hg Body Burden

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

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Increased organic mercury exposure from Thimerosal-containing hepatitis B vaccines could lead to an increased risk of obesity diagnosis.Jun 30, 2016

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : N Am J Med Sci. 2016 Jul ;8(7):297-306. PMID: 27583238

Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2016

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Obesity

Additional Keywords : Risk Factors

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: Hepatitis B

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Obesogenic

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Increasing organic Hg exposure from Thimerosal-containing vaccines increased the subsequent risk of pervasive developmental disorder diagnosis.Jan 31, 2015

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015 Feb ;163(1-2):28-38. Epub 2014 Nov 11. PMID: 25382662

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Brain Inj. 2017 Jan 19:1-7. Epub 2017 Jan 19. PMID: 28102704

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Interdiscip Toxicol. 2015 Jun ;8(2):68-76. PMID: 27486363

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2015

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Immunol Res. 2015 Feb ;61(1-2):90-6. PMID: 25381482

Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2015

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA), Inflammation

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: HPV (Gardasil)

Problem Substances : Vaccine Adjuvants

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This study provides new evidence to confirm a significant relationship between exposure to thimerosal and increased diagnosis for delays in development.Jul 08, 2015

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2015 Jul 9. Epub 2015 Jul 9. PMID: 26166425

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Int J Toxicol. 2003 Jul-Aug;22(4):277-85. PMID: 12933322

Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2003

Study Type : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders, Detoxification: Impaired

Additional Keywords : Ethylmercury, Methylmercury

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

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Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Jun ;22(4):927-34. Epub 2008 Feb 1. PMID: 18321677

Article Published Date : May 31, 2008

Study Type : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic

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Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Cutan Med Surg. 2015 Sep-Oct;19(5):504-6. Epub 2015 Apr 15. PMID: 25876644

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2015

Study Type : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Dermatitis, Formaldehyde Toxicity, Vaccine-induced Toxicity

Additional Keywords : Risk Factors

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: Influenza

Problem Substances : Aspartame, Formaldehyde, Thimerosal

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Thimerosal toxicity can lead to total limbal stem cell failure with secondary corneal vascularization and opacification.Jun 30, 2007

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1996

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Boric Acid

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov ;87(22):9024-7. PMID: 2247478

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 1990

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Neurodegenerative Diseases

Additional Keywords : Vaccine Research

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: All

Problem Substances : Aluminum, Vaccine Adjuvants

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Aluminum adjuvants linked to Gulf War illness induces motor neuron death in mice. Jan 01, 2007

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Neuromolecular Med. 2007;9(1):83-100. PMID: 17114826

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Control Release. 2014 Jan 10 ;173:148-57. Epub 2013 Nov 1. PMID: 24188959

Article Published Date : Jan 10, 2014

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Additional Keywords : Vaccine Research

Problem Substances : Aluminum, Vaccine Adjuvants

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic

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Aluminum--based adjuvants induce persistent, sterile, subcutaneous granulomas with macrophage-driven translocation of aluminum to regional lymph nodes in sheep.Jan 01, 2019

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Cerebellum. 2012 Jun ;11(2):575-86. PMID: 22015705

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Pubmed Data : Apoptosis. 2012 Jan 17. Epub 2012 Jan 17. PMID: 22249285

Article Published Date : Jan 17, 2012

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Pubmed Data : Toxicol Sci. 2004 Apr;78(2):222-8. Epub 2004 Jan 12. PMID: 14718649

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2004

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases

Problem Substances : Adjuvant, Freund adjuvant, Hexadecane, Mineral Oil, Squalene

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Infant macaques retained significantly higher levels of elemental mercury in their brain tissue when exposed to thimerosal in infant vaccines versus methylmercury. Jul 31, 2005

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

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Neonatal administration of a vaccine preservative, thimerosal, produces lasting impairment of nociception and apparent activation of opioid system in rats.Dec 08, 2009

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Pubmed Data : Brain Res. 2009 Dec 8;1301:143-51. Epub 2009 Sep 9. PMID: 19747466

Article Published Date : Dec 08, 2009

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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Neonatal exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccines might induce excitotoxic brain injuries, leading to neurodevelopmental disorders. DHEA may protect against mercury-induced neurotoxicity. Oct 21, 2011

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Pubmed Data : Neurochem Res. 2011 Oct 21. Epub 2011 Oct 21. PMID: 22015977

Article Published Date : Oct 21, 2011

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Pubmed Data : Am J Pathol. 2000 Jun ;156(6):2057-65. PMID: 10854227

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2000

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Rheumatoid Arthritis

Additional Keywords : Vaccine Research

Problem Substances : Adjuvant, Squalene, Vaccine Adjuvants

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory

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Subacute boric acid administration has an adverse effect on rat kidney tissue. Jan 01, 2006

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Pubmed Data : Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2006;44(3):249-53. PMID: 16749541

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Boric Acid

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The antioxidant effect of melatonin revealed in this experiment is based on detoxification rather than common involvement in antioxidant barriers.Dec 31, 2014

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 2015 ;58(1):21-4. PMID: 26454803

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2014

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There are lasting neuropathological changes in rat brain after intermittent neonatal administration of thimerosal.Jan 01, 2010

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Folia Neuropathol. 2010 ;48(4):258-69. PMID: 21225508

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2010

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Infant Chemical Exposures, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Vaccine-induced Toxicity

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic

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These findings implicate a genetic influence in autistic disorders and provides a model for investigating thimerosal related neurotoxicity.Aug 31, 2004

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Mol Psychiatry. 2004 Sep ;9(9):833-45. PMID: 15184908

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2014 ;9(4):e92705. Epub 2014 Apr 1. PMID: 24690681

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2013

Study Type : Animal Study, In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Vaccine-induced Toxicity

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: Influenza

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Immunotoxic

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Thimerosal has an inflammatory effect in non-sensitized animals and may augment the side effects of vaccination.Jul 01, 1994

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Pubmed Data : Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1994 Jul ;104(3):296-301. PMID: 7518269

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1994

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : J Inorg Biochem. 2015 Nov ;152:199-205. Epub 2015 Jul 22. PMID: 26384437

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2015

Study Type : Animal Study

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Behav Brain Res. 2011 Sep 30 ;223(1):107-18. Epub 2011 Apr 28. PMID: 21549155

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 2001 Apr ;56(4):462-71. PMID: 11339848

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Mol Psychiatry. 2002 ;7 Suppl 2:S42-3. PMID: 12142947

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2001

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Autism Spectrum Disorders

Additional Keywords : Ethylmercury, Genomic Variation, Methylmercury

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

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A review of the retention time of inorganic mercury in the brain.Jan 31, 2014

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

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Aluminium hydroxide and calcium phosphate adjuvants have a immunotoxic and haemolytic effects.Jan 01, 1993

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Pubmed Data : Vaccine. 1993;11(9):914-8. PMID: 8212836

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Lett. 2010 Oct 5 ;198(2):182-90. Epub 2010 Jun 26. PMID: 20600710

Article Published Date : Oct 04, 2010

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Additional Keywords : Ethylmercury, Methylmercury

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive

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Brain translocation of aluminum particles is linked to a trojan horse mechanism previously described for infectious particles.Dec 31, 2014

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Front Neurol. 2015 ;6:4. Epub 2015 Feb 5. PMID: 25699008

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2014

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : ILAR J. 2005;46(3):280-93. PMID: 15953835

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2005

Study Type : Commentary

Additional Links

Additional Keywords : Adjuvant-Induced Injury, Adjuvant Toxicity, Vaccine Adjuvant

Problem Substances : Freund adjuvant

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High susceptibility of neural stem cells to methylmercury toxicity: effects on cell survival and neuronal differentiation.Mar 31, 2006

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Neurochem. 2006 Apr ;97(1):69-78. Epub 2006 Mar 8. PMID: 16524380

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 2006

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : J Biol Chem. 2008 May 2 ;283(18):11913-23. Epub 2008 Mar 4. PMID: 18321861

Article Published Date : May 01, 2008

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders, Mercury Poisoning

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

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Lactic acid triggers, in vitro, thiomersal to degrade protein in the presence of PLGA microspheres.Mar 31, 2004

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Int J Pharm. 2004 Apr 1 ;273(1-2):1-8. PMID: 15010124

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 2004

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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Low-dose mercury exposure in early life: relevance of thimerosal to fetuses, newborns and infants.Dec 31, 2012

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Curr Med Chem. 2013 ;20(32):4060-9. PMID: 23992327

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2012

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Vaccine-induced Toxicity

Additional Keywords : Risk Factors

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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Low-dose thimerosal is still used in infants vaccines.Aug 31, 2018

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2018 Sep ;49:134-139. Epub 2018 May 17. PMID: 29895363

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2018

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2004 Oct ;18(5):563-9. PMID: 15251173

Article Published Date : Sep 30, 2004

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Toxicity, Oxidative Stress

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

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The FDA announced in 1999 that infants who had multiple vaccines with thimerosal may have been exposed to cumulative Hg in excess of federal safety guidelines.Sep 30, 2001

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Neurotoxicology. 2001 Oct ;22(5):691-7. PMID: 11770890

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2016 Sep ;37:8-24. Epub 2016 Jun 2. PMID: 27473827

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2016

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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The putative role of environmental mercury in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders and subtypes.May 31, 2018

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Pubmed Data : Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Jun ;55(6):4834-4856. Epub 2017 Jul 22. PMID: 28733900

Article Published Date : May 31, 2018

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders

Additional Keywords : Ethylmercury

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: All

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

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The reduction of MT-1 mRNA level by thiosalicylate may affect the proliferation of C8-B4 cells.Jun 29, 2009

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Pubmed Data : Toxicology. 2009 Jun 30 ;261(1-2):25-32. Epub 2009 Apr 19. PMID: 19386279

Article Published Date : Jun 29, 2009

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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The results of this study suggest that ethylmercury is a mitochondrial toxin in human astrocytes. Dec 31, 2011

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : J Toxicol. 2012 ;2012:373678. Epub 2012 Jun 28. PMID: 22811707

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There are several case reports of autoimmune diseases following vaccines.Sep 30, 2015

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Pharmacol Res. 2015 Oct ;100:190-209. Epub 2015 Aug 12. PMID: 26275795

Article Published Date : Sep 30, 2015

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases, Vaccine-induced Toxicity

Problem Substances : Aluminum, Vaccine Adjuvants

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There are several environmental factors associated with the development of ASD, including pesticides, phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls, solvents, air pollutants, fragrances, glyphosate and heavy metals, especially aluminum used in vaccines.Mar 01, 2016

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Pubmed Data : Environ Int. 2016 Mar ;88:288-298. Epub 2016 Jan 28. PMID: 26826339

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2016

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorders

Additional Keywords : Heavy Metals and Autism, Vaccine Research

Problem Substances : Aluminum, Glyphosate, Heavy Metals, Pesticides, Phthalates, Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Synthetic Fragrance, Vaccine Adjuvants

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic

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Thimerosal at 30 microM induced an apoptotic change in membranes of almost all living cells. Feb 28, 2005

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Mar ;19(2):191-8. PMID: 15649632

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Thimerosal induces S phase arrest and causes apoptosis in C2C12 myoblast cells.Dec 31, 2011

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Dec 16 ;1593(1):9-15. PMID: 12431779

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2002

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Oxidant

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Thimerosal stimulates oxidative stress that induces an increase in intracellular zinc content.Sep 01, 2009

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Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2009 Sep ;23(6):1092-9. Epub 2009 Jun 2. PMID: 19497362

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Substances : Zinc

Diseases : Oxidative Stress

Additional Keywords : Vaccine Research

Problem Substances : Mercury, Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Oxidant

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Thiol reagent thimerosal-induced Ca2+ mobilization in isolated guinea pig cochlear outer hair cells.May 31, 2000

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi. 2000 Jun ;35(3):192-5. PMID: 12768775

Article Published Date : May 31, 2000

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

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Thiomersal and ethylmercury could significantly inhibit the thioredoxin system in vitro. Jul 31, 2015

This review describes vaccine hypersensitivity.May 01, 2012

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Dermatitis. 2012 May-Jun;23(3):102-9. PMID: 22653170

Article Published Date : May 01, 2012

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Vaccine-induced Toxicity , vaccine injury

Additional Keywords : Vaccine Research

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Vaccination: All

Problem Substances : 2-phenoxyethanol, Aluminum, Formaldehyde, Mercury, Neomycin, Thimerosal

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As thimerosal was removed from childhood vaccines, the number of neurodevelopmental disorders decreased in the US.Jun 01, 2006

Exposure to mercury from thimerosal-containing vaccines was associcated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental problems in infants from 1992-1997.Apr 01, 2005

Rates of autism, speech disorders, mental retardation, infantile spasms, and thinking abnormalities were higher in children exposured to higher thimerosal levels.Aug 01, 2006

Thimerosal exposure is associated with increasing trends of premature puberty in 278,624 subjects from 1990-1996.Apr 01, 2010

Thimersol exposure in infants is associated with an increase risk for tics. Sep 01, 2004

Thimersol exposure in infants significantly increases neurodevelopment disorders in infants, e.g. autism, autism spectrum disorders, tics, attention deficit disorder, and emotional disturbances.Aug 15, 2008

Thimersol exposure is associated with tics and delayed language acquisition in infants.Nov 01, 2003

This meta-analysis shows that the data available on the safety of aluminum adjuvants is severely lacking. There is also only data available for aluminum hydroxide and does not consider the toxicity of amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate.Feb 01, 2004

This meta-analysis suggests no link between vaccines and autism but only investigates 10 collective studies (six of which have blatant conflicts of interest, one was authored by a now CDC employee), one vaccine ingredient, and one vaccine (MMR).Jun 17, 2014

2001: Depending on the immunization schedule, vaccine formulation, and infant weight, cumulative exposure of infants to mercury from thimerosal during the first 6 months of life may exceed EPA guidelines.May 01, 2001

A meta-analysis reveals that thimerosal containing vaccines significantly increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders.Aug 01, 2006

A subpopulation of eight individuals from four of the families showed thimerosal hypersensitivity.Dec 31, 2012

Administration of thimerosal-containing vaccines in the United States resulted in a significant number of children developing neurodevelopmental disorders.Nov 01, 2004

Adverse events following immunization with vaccines containing adjuvants.Jun 30, 2013

Aluminum hydroxide injections lead to motor deficits and motor neuron degeneration.Nov 01, 2009

Aluminum hydroxide-induced macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) associated with vaccination has been reported. Nov 01, 2011

Aluminum vaccine adjuvants appear to be contributing to the rising prevalence of autism.Oct 31, 2011

Aluminum vaccine adjuvants appear to contribute to the rising prevalence of autism.Nov 01, 2011

Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (Shoenfeld's syndrome): clinical and immunological spectrum.Mar 31, 2013

Boys vaccinated as neonates had threefold greater odds for autism diagnosis compared to boys never vaccinated or vaccinated after the first month of life. Dec 31, 2009

Breastfed infants in Brazil receiving a full recommended schedule of immunizations showed an exceedingly high exposure of Al (225 to 1750 μg per dose) when compared with estimated levels absorbed from breast milk.Nov 01, 2010

Children with autism were twice as likely as non-autistic controls to be born from mothers who had Rh incompatibilities with the developing fetus during pregnancy. Apr 30, 2007

Coinciding with the largest increase of thimerosal in vaccines given to infants in America, the rates of Kawasaki's Disease increased.Dec 31, 2007

Cultured lymphocytes from autistic children and non-autistic siblings up-regulate heat shock protein RNA in response to thimerosal challenge.Aug 31, 2006

High exposure to ethylmercury from thimerosal-containing vaccines in the first month of life increases the risk of subsequent development of neurologic development impairment.Dec 31, 1969

In the present study, intracytoplasmic inclusions were constantly detected in macrophages of the MMF lesions and were shown to contain aluminium by three different methods.Aug 31, 2001

In this reanalysis data shows that a statistically significant link appears between blood mercury levels and autistic disorder in children.Oct 31, 2007

Increased organic mercury exposure from Thimerosal-containing hepatitis B vaccines could lead to an increased risk of obesity diagnosis.Jun 30, 2016

Increasing organic Hg exposure from Thimerosal-containing vaccines increased the subsequent risk of pervasive developmental disorder diagnosis.Jan 31, 2015

Long-term persistence of vaccine-derived aluminum hydroxide within the body assessed by MMF is associated with cognitive dysfunction.Oct 31, 2009

Macrophagic myofasciitis in children is a localized reaction to vaccination.May 31, 2008

Mercury exposure from thimerosal containing childhood vaccines raised the subsequent risk of atypical autism diagnosis.Jun 30, 2017

Mercury exposure from thimerosal containing childhood vaccines raised the subsequent risk of diagnosis of emotional disturbances.Jan 18, 2017

Mercury exposure from thimerosal is significantly associated with the ACSDs of ASD, TD, and ADD/ADHD.Dec 31, 2016

Mercury levels are 1.9 times higher in subjects diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders.Jan 01, 2010

Mothers receiving thimerosal via Rho(D) immune globulin injection saw a significantly higher rate of autism in the children exposed to mercury in utero. Mar 31, 2008

Organic-Hg exposure from thimerosal-containing hepatitis B vaccine led to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosis.Aug 31, 2014

The association with DTwP vaccines and increased infant mortality in females may be due to vaccine adjuvants and Th2 polarizing effects.Jan 01, 2011

The CDC's safety data for aluminum adjuvant safety in infants is based on the pharmacokinetics of a non-adjuvant aluminum compound in one adult male.Nov 28, 2011

The occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders following thimerosal-containing childhood vaccines does not appear to be coincidental.Mar 31, 2003

The vaccine adjuvant squalene in anthrax vaccines given to soldiers in the Gulf War resulted in the formation of antibodies to squalene which are associated with Gulf War Syndrome.Feb 01, 2011

The vaccines containing the adjuvant aluminium hydroxide may trigger macrophagic myofasciitis in some patients.Dec 31, 2014

There is an association between neurodevelopmental disorders and thimerosal-containing vaccines.Jun 01, 2003

There is evidence supporting an association between increasing organic-Hg exposure from Thimerosal-containing childhood vaccines and the subsequent risk of an ASD. Dec 31, 2012

These results demonstrate that thimerosal can induce blood and organ levels of organic mercury which are well in excess of the minimum toxic level in adults and fetuses.Dec 01, 1977

These results provide a neurobiological substrate for brain dysfunction in aluminum hydroxide adjuvant-induced macrophagic myofasciitis patients.Dec 31, 2014

These results support the hypothesis that Hg sensitivity may be a heritable/genetic risk factor for autism spectrum disorders.Dec 31, 2010

Thimerosal containing vaccines may cause atopy in children. Feb 01, 1999

Thimerosal induces morphological changes in erythrocytes in vitro.Jan 12, 2016

This study associates increasing organic mercury exposure from thimerosal-containing hepatitis B vaccines and the subsequent risk of a tic disorder diagnosis.Jun 01, 2015

This study found a significant increase in neurodevelopmental delays related to the combined exposure to methylmercury and ethylmercury.Jan 06, 2016

This study is the only study examining changes in serum and urinary levels of aluminum in 15 infants after a routine 2-month vaccination. The data for the post-vacc measurements are missing.Sep 01, 2013

This study presents the first systematic estimation of ASIA incidence and expands the knowledge on this pathology.Jan 31, 2015

This study provides new evidence to confirm a significant relationship between exposure to thimerosal and increased diagnosis for delays in development.Jul 08, 2015

This study provides suggestive evidence of an association between thimerosal and neurodevelopmental outcomes.Mar 13, 2018

This study reveals that the risk of autism significantly decreased with reductions in mercury exposure from thimerosal containing childhood vaccines.Dec 28, 2016

This study shows that autistic children had significantly reduced excretion levels of mercury via hair than the control group. Jun 30, 2003

This study supports an association between increasing exposure from thimerosal containing childhood vaccines and the subsequent risk of specific delays in development among males and females.Sep 30, 2014

This was a case study in which 3 patients with autoimmune/auto-inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) after quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination (HPV).May 10, 2015

Vaccines with Thimerosal led to more adverse events in this study. Dec 31, 2014

All the preservatives used in this in vitro study caused some degree of ocular tissue damage.Apr 01, 2009

An alternatively spliced form of methionine synthase expressed in human neuronal cells is sensitive to inhibition by thimerosal and lower GSH levels contribute to their inhibitory action.Jan 01, 2016

Autism lymphoblastoid cells exhibit a reduced glutathione reserve capacity in both cytosol and mitochondria that may compromise antioxidant defense and detoxification capacity under prooxidant conditions, as induced by thimerosal.Aug 01, 2009

Findings suggest that the epidemiological link between environmental mercury exposure and an increased risk of developing autism may be mediated through mitochondrial dysfunction.Dec 31, 2014

Mercury is genotoxic to astrocytes even at nanomolar, sub-cytotoxic concentrations.Mar 01, 2014

Peanut oil stimulates an immune response comparable to that of live measles vaccine. Dec 01, 1996

These data raises some concern on the widespread use of thimerosal.Dec 31, 2002

These results alert about the ex-vivo immunomodulatory effects of thimerosal on dendritic cells.Dec 31, 2013

These results indicate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of thimerosal in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.May 31, 2008

Thimerosal at low nanomolar concentrations was able to induce significant cellular toxicity in human neuron and fetal cells.May 31, 2009

Thimerosal can induce DNA damage in human conjunctival epithelial cells. Hyaluronic acid is protective against thimerosal-induced damage.Oct 01, 2012

Thimerosal dose-dependently inhibits ER aminopeptidase 1, an important enzyme for the human adaptive immune response.Jul 14, 2016

Vaccine Adjuvants

View the Evidence:
295 Abstracts with Vaccine Adjuvants Research